Building Your Online Community of Practice With Social Media

 Link to podcast of this blog.

Being more isolated during these pandemic times has made some of us long for the days of in-person professional development where we could spend time drinking coffee and chatting across a table with our colleagues. Like me, perhaps you find engagement with colleagues absolutely vital to your ongoing professional development. Now that we do so much remotely, we know that wherever we are in the world, we are part of an incredibly vast, diverse, and energized community of TESOL educators—but how do we find and then interact with each other? This is where an online community of practice comes in.

Online communities provide us the chance to be part of:

…a group of other TESOL educators who gathers regularly to share lesson ideas, exchange resources, and celebrate each other’s successes.

…a community of professionals in English language teaching that develops relationships over time and is always available, 24/7.

…a forum for putting forward problems of practice and persistent dilemmas that receive multiple solutions in response.

…a setting to find the latest research and learn about professional development events of interest.

The term Community of Practice (CoP) was initially coined by Lave and Wenger in 1991 in their book Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation to describe how informal learning circles guide apprentices moving into a profession. In CoPs, practitioners share their knowledge and skills freely and laterally in ways that are mutually supportive and growth-oriented. As Wenger puts it, “communities of practice are groups of people who share a concern or a passion for something they do and learn how to do it better as they interact regularly.”

As outlined by Wenger-Traynor and Wenger-Traynor, CoPs can serve a variety of purposes, as presented in Figure 1:

Figure 1. This image by Laura Baecher is licensed under CC by 4.0. Created in CANVA

Particularly during this past year where we have been working remotely, CoPs are sustaining and essential spaces for us to continue to stay motivated and connected. The Edmonton Regional Learning Consortium in Alberta, Canada emphasizes that interaction on an ongoing basis among the community’s members is an essential feature of CoPs. While many workplaces have professional learning networks, book clubs, and other organized CoPs that have continued online via web conferencing, many of our opportunities to gather and interact in CoPs now reside in social media spaces—hence the term Virtual Communities of Practice (VCoP).

Leather (2018) compellingly presents VCoPs as spaces for “storytelling” across geographic, political, and other boundaries that might usually hinder connections among TESOL professionals. She found that “storytelling involves an individual telling another individual how they themselves solved practical problems. …Workers…are five times more likely to turn to a co-worker rather than an explicit source of information such as a book, manual, or database.” The abundance of TESOL-focused VCoPs found across social media platforms underscores this truth—we turn to our colleagues, and, in our field, those colleagues can be found anywhere around the world.

Even if you are very anti-social media, consider creating an account that is purely for education purposes and joining one or two social media groups to see what they have to offer. As Haynes shared in a TESOL Blog, “social media bypasses the challenges of traditional PD. It is real-time, cost effective, accessible around the world, and driven by practitioners, not school administrators or consultants.” I too used to be social-media adverse, but now I feel I would be really out-of-touch if not for being connected to TESOL groups active online!

Here are five suggestions to get started:

1. TESOL International Association’s Professional Learning Network

If you are a member of TESOL, make sure you are not missing out on being an active part of one or many of the Professional Learning Networks (PLNs) available! All through the month of August 2021, the PLNs will be introducing themselves on the myTESOL discussion board. These are more focused discussion groups than the broader myTESOL board, and they are a great place to go deeper and request information from colleagues.

2. Facebook Groups

If you have or can create a Facebook account, Facebook is replete with groups that address interests held by TESOL professionals. Just go to “groups” and search using terms like “TESOL,” “TEFL,” and “Teaching English.” Note how active they are with new daily posts in order to decide if they will be dynamic and up-to-date. A few international groups that might be of broad interest are the Innovative Teachers of English, English Activities for Teachers, and Teachers of English for Professional Development. Other international groups are narrower in focus, like Second Language Research or Women in ELT. Also look for regional or local Facebook groups to engage with content that might be contextually relevant, such as the Barcelona TEFL Group in Spain, Leading ELLs in the United States, or English Teachers in Colombia.

3. Twitter Chats

While “tweeting” is brief, it can be very interactive and it’s a great way to directly connect with authors, speakers, researchers, and other thought-leaders in our field. VCoPs form via hashtags (a “#” followed by a keyword, e.g. #ELL) so you can tag and channel your conversations on the platform. By entering a hashtag in the search tool, you can see all related tweets grouped together, and this includes those you follow and those you don’t. Try following a few hashtags and join a live Twitter Chat—these are timed events in which exchange follows several question prompts posted by the chat facilitators and are a great chance to connect with other professionals on a topic of interest. A few hashtags to get started are #ELT, #TESOL, #TEFL, and #CLIL. A great review of how to use Twitter for TESOL professionals can be found at American English if you are new to Twitter.

4. LinkedIn Conversation Groups

Joining a VPoC on Linkedin requires first creating a profile, and then searching under “Groups” with search terms like “K-12 teacher,” “ESL,” “EFL,” or any that are relevant to your interests. You can also start your own group based on an area you would like to explore with colleagues. LinkedIn is a social networking platform whose group function provides the means of sharing topics with your current and new connections, which also are great for job networking. Some groups to try include ELT Professionals, iTeach English, and the Adult Literacy Network. This teachers’ guide to the use of Linkedin provides an overview of using LinkedIn for professional conversations.

5. Your TESOL Affiliate

Check out how members of your local TESOL affiliate regularly interact with one another—perhaps it’s through a message board, discussion forum, listserv, or regular web conferencing meet-ups. From Georgia TESOL to the English Teachers’ Association of Georgia, these are great for asking questions relevant to local policies or institutional practices where you live. Often, the relationships you build in these VCoPs lead to collaborations and career advancement opportunities.

In the comments, share the social media spaces where you find your community!

from TESOL Blog http://blog.tesol.org/building-your-online-community-of-practice-with-social-media/

Are you ready to Win $100 PayPal CA$H?

Are you ready to Win $100 PayPal CA$H?

It is easy to win!

Getting ready to go back to school and so very happy about that!  
To celebrate Back to School here is a chance to win PayPal Cash!  Yahoo!

Okay ready to win?  Before you forget, here is what you do:

Click here to go to Fun To Teach’s Teachers pay Teachers store.
Once you are at the store:

  1. Follow Fun To Teach TpT Store
  2. To earn one entry, click the FOLLOW ME button.  If you are already following my TpT Store, write the number of followers my TpT Store has in the box. 
  3. Complete the Rafflecopter Contest Application at the bottom of this post to enter to win $100 in Pay Pal Cash! 

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Join Fun To Teach’s  Email List
Visit Fun To Teach’s email permission form at http://eepurl.com/iOryn

    1. To earn one entry, complete the email permission form and type OK in the box.  If you have already subscribed to this mailing list, write your name and ALREADY SUBSCRIBED in the box.   

    The $100 PayPal Cash Giveaway will end at 12:00 A.M. on October 1, 2021, Pacific Time.

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    Attention ESL Teachers…

    Here it is!

    ESL Year-Long Lesson plans| ELD Teacher Resource Bundle is for all Language Levels!

    All in one bundle of year-long ESL Curriculum that provides ELD resources for all English Language Learner (ELL) levels. The activities in this month-by-month ELD bundle provide your English Language Learners the opportunity to acquire and practice English to improve fluency, parts of speech, vocabulary, and grammar.
     

    The best part is that we have done the heavy lifting for you! This bundle requires minimal PREP on your end!

    Each week gives your ELL students the opportunity to learn and practice targeted parts of speech and vocabulary. It’s the bundle every teacher of ELLs needs.

    ESL Year-Long Lesson plans| ELD Teacher Resource Bundle is for all Language Levels!

    • ELL Newcomers
    • Beginners/Early intermediate English Learners
    • Intermediate ELLs
    • Early Advanced and Advanced English Language Learners

    The games and activities in this bundle are great practice for all your English language learners. Use these engaging resources in centers, independent work time, whole class, or small groups.

    LEARN MORE BY READING THROUGH OUR FREE CURRICULUM GUIDE:

    ESL & ELD K-5 Curriculum Map – a FREE year-long pacing guide!

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    from Fun To Teach – Grammar, Language, Math, ESL/ELD, Spanish, Reading, Writing, Centers and more! https://esleld.blogspot.com/2021/08/are-you-ready-to-win-100-paypal-cah.html

    The Language Strand of the Common Core Standards and English Language Learners

    The Language Strand of the Common Core Standards
    and
    English Language Learners

    Hi everyone,
    We are off and running with a brand new school year.  As we head back to school we are all looking for fun and fresh ideas for the new year.  With this in mind, don’t forget to review the Language Domain of the Common Core English Language Arts (ELA) standards?  This great domain elevates the importance of English grammar, conventions, vocabulary in the classroom.  

    It is essential for classroom and ESL teachers to understand this important strand.

    As you know, the strands or domains of the Common Core Standards for English Language Arts include:

    o  Reading Foundational Skills

    o Reading

    o  Literature

    o  Informational Text

    o  Writing

    o  Language

    o  Speaking and Listening

    Let’s take a closer look at this important language domain.  The broad Language standards for K-5 are comprised of 3 subcategories:  

    1.    Conventions of Standard English

    2.    Knowledge of Language

    3.    Vocabulary Acquisition and Use

    Furthermore, each grade level has specific standards under these three categories, which are hierarchical in nature. These standards define what a student should know or be able to do at the end of each grade level.  

    Here is a glimpse of the Language skills that I found of particular interest in each subcategory.  Many of these require continued attention over grade levels.

    💥Conventions of Standard English

    •    Plurals: Regular and Irregular
    •    Nouns:  Possessive Nouns, Collective Nouns, Abstract Nouns
    •    Pronouns: Possessive, Indefinite, Reflexive Pronouns
    •    Verbs; Past, Present, Future Verbs.  Irregular past tense verbs. Perfect tense verbs
    •    Complete Sentences

    💥Knowledge of Language

    •    Formal and informal uses of English
    •    Choosing words and phrases for effect and to convey ideas

    💥Vocabulary Acquisition and Use

    •    Root words, prefixes, and suffixes
    •    Connect words to categories
    •    Antonyms, synonyms, and homographs
    •    Shades of meanings of related words
    •    Figurative Language: similes, metaphors, idioms

    It is great to see language as one of the domains of the ELA Common Core Standards.  We all know that language is interwoven with speaking, listening, reading, and writing.  Language now has elevated importance in the classroom with this Standard of the ELA Common Core.

    Happy Teaching!💕

    Fun To Teach Sale at Teachers Pay Teachers
    August 31 through September 1

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    from Fun To Teach – Grammar, Language, Math, ESL/ELD, Spanish, Reading, Writing, Centers and more! https://esleld.blogspot.com/2021/08/language strand of the common core and esl.html

    5 Essential Things You Gotta Do For Back to School!

    Hello everyone,

    August has arrived and one way or another we will be back to school!  

    Here are 5 essential things you gotta do before school starts!

    1.) Take a look at your ESL pacing guide for the year.  

    Gather the supplies, resources, and materials you will be needing for at least the first month.  Organize your files and your grade book so you have a clear path forward.

    Whether in the classroom or distance learning it is time to think about classroom rules and consequences.  

    2.)  Make and share the rules you and your students come up with and post them for all to see.  

    Once you have created your classroom rules and consequences make sure you are consistent with them.  Think about the consequences and make sure they are something you can live with!

    3.)  Assemble your substitute plans.  

    It is not too early.  Once you have your sub plans created you won’t have to think twice about them until and unless you need them.

    4.)  Get your grade book ready.  

    Don’t wait, this is one of those overlooked things.  Then when you are ready to record your first assignments it becomes a big chore.  Do it now and you will be grateful later.

    5.) Get a letter ready for parents and students.  

    Make sure that your families know what to expect.  Welcome them to school and talk about your routines and procedures.  Ask for their volunteer help and create a ‘team’ attitude right from the start of the year.
    These 5 things will give you a head start to the school year!
    Happy Teaching,

    Need an ESL ELD pacing guide?

    This one is free!

    As many of you know, I am a K-5 ELD teacher in Ashland, Oregon.  For many years I did workshops throughout my state for ESL ELD teachers.  Many ELD teachers asked me for a pacing guide so I made this. 

     

    Each month has a combination of ELD units and/or grammar components essential for English learners. Again choose some or all of what I have here. Feel free to mix it up to suit you!

     

    If I have a product that contains all or parts of the language I teach during that month I have listed it. All resource images are clickable links for your convenience. Just click on the image you want to see and it will take you to my TPT store.♥  I use these products according to language level more than grade level.  Each column represents a language level.  The column has language grammar, forms, and functions I teach for that level.  Under the column heading, I list products I use to teach those language components.  Some of the products may have a grade level on them, but I have used it at that language level based on the language I am teaching students at that level.

     
    💜Every classroom is different!

    💜Every teacher teaches differently, and I tried to create this year-long curriculum map with many different types of classrooms and teachers in mind. 

    I know you may need to tweak this to the needs of your students, classroom, and district.

    DO IT! Make it work for you. 


    For example, March is a testing month for me. If you need to switch months around to meet your testing time, that is just fine. Do what is best for your students in your classroom.

    💜💜💜💜The whole year is planned out for you!

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    from Fun To Teach – Grammar, Language, Math, ESL/ELD, Spanish, Reading, Writing, Centers and more! https://esleld.blogspot.com/2021/08/5 essential things for back to school.html

    Avoiding Tokenism in Multicultural Education: 7 Strategies

    One of the common ways in which schools address cultural diversity is by hosting a Cultural Day or Cultural Week. This may involve students being invited to dress in cultural attire, share dishes from their ethnic cuisines, and perform a traditional dance. Critics have called this the “Fs” of culture: food, folk-dancing, festivals, fashion, and flags.

    While this approach to celebrating multiculturalism may be well intentioned and can help celebrate the unique identities of children and young people, if it remains a one-time celebration, it reduces culture to the visible and superficial. It may signal a tokenistic attitude that lacks genuine cultural responsiveness to families’ needs, aspirations, and desires. It may also imply an assimilationist ideology. By celebrating linguistic and cultural practices that are different to the dominant group in society, we are highlighting the existing inequity that keeps some families marginalized and disempowered. Such one-off celebrations signal that the dominant way of life must be the “normal” or “right” way, as it is the daily experience of the school. It also represents other cultures as static, exotic, or homogenous.

    To move beyond a surface level acknowledgment of cultures, we need to embed culture at the heart of learning and make it a regular part of our teaching. You might like to try some of these suggestions.

    1. Involve Families in Decision-Making

    Discuss plans for school- and class-level cultural celebrations with families and invite them into the decision-making process. By allowing families to have a say in which celebrations they would like to see in the school and how these celebrations could take place, you are providing an opportunity to balance the power.

    2. Integrate Cultural Practices Into the Everyday

    Ensure that classroom props and materials used for classroom use include things from the cultures represented among your students. By including traditional clothes and accessories, for example, they become part of regular use rather than being marked as nontypical. If the school provides meals, featuring ethnic cuisines as a regular part of the menu can help to reduce the showcasing of cultures and make it part of the school routine.

    3. Embrace the Power of Language

    Language is more than words. Language is inextricably linked to identity. Learn the greetings of your students’ cultures and use them regularly. Make the effort to learn some commonly used words in their own languages and build these into your conversations with the learners. By making the choice to learn and use words from their cultures, you are telling them (and everyone else) that you value their culture and language, and the person themselves.

    4. Extend Celebrations to the Curriculum

    While cultural festivals like Eid and Diwali must be acknowledged and celebrated just like any other festival associated with the dominant culture, ensure that the celebrations become a learning opportunity. You could have someone who celebrates it explain it to the class. This ensures that accurate information about the beliefs that form the basis of every celebration are shared with learners, helping them connect to cultures in a personal and emotional way.

    5. Go Deep

    A critical aspect of cultural responsiveness is educating students to become aware of inequalities that exist and empowering them to resist and challenge unfair practices. You may like to incorporate into your lessons activities that expose students to the history of different racial and ethnic groups, the oppression that they may have faced, and the ways in which they have contributed (and continue to contribute) to society. This exposure can help to reduce prejudice and negative attitudes children may hold and help them see beyond the tangible aspects of culture.

    6. Assess Misconceptions and Stereotypes

    Find out what your students think about a particular culture by listening in on their conversations and making note of comments they make. Plan conversations to draw out their ideas using pictures and books to spark their insights. If any inaccuracies exist in the way they conceptualise cultures or cultural practices, plan critical-thinking activities to help learners build empathy and take action to make things fair.

    7. Promote Inclusive Language

    Language is a powerful tool for building inclusion. Through the use of inclusive language, we can help everyone feel valued, respected, and empowered. Often, we are not aware of how we use language. It may be helpful to record yourself for a day and listen to it objectively. As you listen, consider whether your current use of language is respectful, accurate, useful, aligns with values and beliefs, and supports high expectations. What could be changed to promote inclusivity?


    What works for you? Have you used these, or other strategies to ensure that you go beyond a tokenistic approach to culture? Share your experiences and suggestions in the comments below.

    Further Reading

    Chan, A. (2009). Critical multiculturalism: The challenge of multiculturalism within a New Zealand bicultural context – A Chinese perspective. International Journal of Equity and Innovation in Early Childhood, 7(1), 29–40.

    Harbon, L., & Moloney, R. (2015) ‘Intercultural’ and ‘multicultural’, awkward companions: The case in schools in New South Wales, Australia. In H. Layne, V Trémion, & F. Dervinches (Eds.), Making the most of intercultural education (pp. 15–33). Cambridge Scholars.

    Vass, G. (2017) Preparing for culturally responsive schooling: Initial teacher educators into the fray. Journal of Teacher Education, 68(5), 451–462.

    from TESOL Blog http://blog.tesol.org/avoiding-tokenism-in-multicultural-education-7-strategies/

    STEM in ELT: Culturally Responsive Teaching and The Leaky STEM Pipeline

    One of my main purposes for writing a blog on English learners (ELs) and STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math) was to address and shed light on the leaky STEM pipeline and the issues revolving around the lack of ELs in STEM careers, but most importantly, the lack of ELs in STEM classes, advanced math, and advanced science courses starting as early as middle school.

    Today’s post will connect an excellent article that I read in Education Week by Paunesku titled “The Deficit Lens of the ‘Achievement Gap’ Needs to Be Flipped. Here’s How” with culturally responsive teaching (CRT), which has a tremendous impact on student academic achievement.

    To begin, deficit mindset needs to be defined, and why this mindset is problematic in education must be explained. I begin with this partial statement from Paunesku: “…the deficits are not in the students, but in the systems that are supposed to serve them.” When I speak of a deficit lens, I am not speaking of the deficits ELs or other minorities bring with them to the classroom, like proficiency in English, lack of exposure to community programs, or resources, like books or a home environment conducive to learning. I am speaking of a deficit lens that hinders them on a deeper level—the systematic practice of seeing students in regards to what they cannot do, as opposed to what they can do. As Paunesku says, the beliefs and practices that influence educators to perceive students or groups of students as deficient. It is this view and belief that will continue to create holes in the already leaky STEM pipeline.

    Paunesku made a statement that resonated with me (and one that I found was so compelling and important in regards to students’ social well-being that I created two videos on the topic: the power of relationship between teacher and student and the power of relationship between student and student). Paunesku stated the following in his article, which should truly make every educator reflect on their actions or beliefs as either a classroom teacher or school administrator: “A teacher who wants students to feel they belong in class should focus on building strong relationships with and between students, on giving students a platform to contribute to the classroom in meaningful ways, and on honoring their cultures and communities.”

    So how does this relate to STEM and ELs? Three words…culturally responsive teaching! According to understood.org, culturally responsive teaching is a research-based approach that leverages students’ assets—their cultures, languages, and life experiences—to create rigorous, student-centered instruction. So, a teacher who wants students to feel that they belong in class and provide students with a platform to contribute in class, and to honor their cultures and communities, needs to be trained and to practice CRT. In another article by understood.com, it is stated that when teachers use CRT to best teach diverse student populations, they are finding it powerful not only for diverse populations but for all students for the following reasons:

    1. It raises expectations for all students because teachers move away from a deficit mindset.
    2. It helps schools better meet students’ needs because underserved students may face implicit bias because of their race, culture, or language. (Implicit bias refers to the unconscious attitudes or stereotypes we all hold.) By using an assets-based mindset, schools are more likely to better identify and serve all students.
    3. It builds cultural competence by helping teachers and students understand different perspectives, appreciate others’ strengths, and build empathy. CRT can also help teachers reflect on how their own identity and experiences impact their attitudes and teaching practices.
    4. It helps students feel valued and empowered because when students see themselves represented in the curriculum, they feel like they belong. They’re more likely to develop the trust it takes to build a relationship with a teacher and a sense of belonging makes learning easier and builds students’ self-confidence.

    CRT will have and has a positive impact in STEM for ELs and addresses the leaky STEM pipeline; ELs are often not provided the opportunity to enroll in rigorous, STEM-related classes because of the belief that English proficiency is a requirement for academic success. In other words, the focus is on what the students do not do well (deficit lens). But, if students are made to feel that their lack of proficiency is not a deficit, and educators, through professional learning in CRT, understand CRT’s importance in creating rigorous, student-centered instruction, then the door opens for ELs to be enrolled in the rigorous requirements of STEM, advanced math, and science classes!


    Writing about the leaky STEM pipeline has led me down a “rabbit hole.” There are so many moving parts that are involved when it comes to ELs and other minorities, their lack of presence in rigorous middle school and high school courses, and the ever lingering deficit mindset of educators in regards to this population’s abilities to be academically successful in STEM and other rigorous courses. In my upcoming articles, I will be speaking on culturally diverse practices (or lack thereof) and colorism and how ELs and students of color are perceived; this connects to the fact that Black ELs represented 4.2% of ELs in grades K–12 (or 23,893 students) for the 2017–2018 school year. I’ll also discuss language development in STEM content classes and building STEM vocabulary words—yes, this is still a problematic area in education.

    I look forward to hearing your thoughts on these topics; if you have any thoughts on this post, please feel free to respond in the comments box below.

    from TESOL Blog http://blog.tesol.org/stem-in-elt-culturally-responsive-teaching-and-the-leaky-stem-pipeline/

    Assessing Assessments: 5 Points to Consider

    Are you preparing to begin a new academic year? For many teachers in the United States and other parts of the world, the answer is “yes.” Even if this isn’t the case for you, it’s safe to assume almost every teacher of English learners (ELs) will be welcoming both new and returning students back to regular classes after the pandemic.

    One of the first things teachers will want to determine is their students’ baseline reading ability. This is good—but it’s also fraught with pitfalls for ELs. Many reasons explain why ELs’ reading ability might not be accurately assessed. These considerations don’t excuse performance relative to non-ELs but instead contextualize it.

    1. What Is the Assessment Really Testing?

    Watch out for assessments that aren’t really testing reading ability. The following example asked first graders to write the initial consonant for each word:

    Pictures are a great way to teach initial sounds, but an assessment like this assumes too much. If ELs don’t know the word for cat or dog in English, they won’t be able to supply the initial consonant in English. A teacher who uses an assessment like this one might conclude a student didn’t know initial sounds when instead, the student didn’t know the names for the pictures. The test was assessing the wrong thing.

    Another common miscalculation with assessments involves assuming students don’t understand what they’ve read if they can’t talk or write about it, forgetting receptive domains like reading can develop faster than productive domains. I’ve had perceptive, more proficient ELs tell me, “I know what this means, but I just can’t say it.” I believed them. You should too.

    2. Did the Students Understand Testing Protocols?

    I’ve learned students can sometimes misunderstand questions even on a language-free assessment, so this might not tell you everything your students know. Even simple formative classroom assessments are subject to measurement error if students don’t understand directions. For example, an observant staff member at my school told me she realized while she was asking first graders to tell her the first sound in a word that students didn’t understand what first and last meant. Results from this kind of evaluation would indicate students don’t know their sounds. In fact, they couldn’t demonstrate their knowledge because they didn’t understand the assessment directions.

    3. Is There Cultural Bias in the Assessment?

    Newcomers may have little background knowledge of common school activities, such as field trips and seasonal activities. Reading passages about these unfamiliar topics will not accurately assess ELs’ reading ability. In the United States, each state’s annual test of English language proficiency (for example, WIDA ACCESS, KELPA) is likely one of the few assessments ELs take that has been normed on that population. That’s a good thing. It’s also why teachers should take information from assessments not normed on ELs with a large grain of salt.

    4. Is the Assessment Acknowledging All the Student’s Knowledge?

    Testing bilingual students in only English ignores the other—possibly large—portion of their knowledge. Reading assessments are likely not available in all of your students’ native languages. Still, if your older ELs have attended school in their home countries, ask them to read you something in their native language. That’s a good reason to have a supply of bilingual books in various languages on hand.

    For example, when I asked a fifth-grade newcomer from Vietnam to read a Vietnamese picture book aloud to me, she did so in what sounded to me like fluent Vietnamese. I wasn’t sure because I didn’t know Vietnamese. Still, because it seemed she had reading ability in her native language, I knew she could transfer those reading skills to another language.

    5. Will the Assessment Be Used to Gauge Improvement?

    Most likely this past year has been fragmented and interrupted with cancelled assessments and absent students. There’s nothing you can do about that now. What you can do, though, is establish a baseline reading ability for your students to help you later determine their improvement.

    Often, reading assessments aim to identify specific reading weaknesses so they can be remediated. That’s okay if the student has one, but there’s nothing wrong with most ELs. An EL might, for example, need to work on mastering vowel sounds or understanding the main idea, but even after that, the overall language acquisition process continues. Most ELs don’t need targeted instruction; they’re simply still learning the language. Tracking students’ long-term progress is difficult but necessary if you want to form high, but not hurried, expectations for your ELs’ reading progress.


    It’s important to assess your ELs’ reading ability as you begin a new academic year. Don’t discount these assessment results. Instead, explain them and work to improve them in the coming year!

    from TESOL Blog http://blog.tesol.org/assessing-assessments-5-points-to-consider/

    4 Promising Programs to Practice Pronunciation in Private

    For many students, pronunciation is an elusive white whale. They can often get the basics down, but they rarely get enough time and feedback to fine tune their dipthongs or their consonant clusters. Pronunciation classes are wonderful, but often in short supply, and of course if you’re in a mixed learner setting, one group of students may have no issues at all where another group struggles endlessly.

    Luckily, the growth of edtech, artificial intelligence, and voice recognition software now allow students to practice their pronunciation without waiting for their next classes or guessing at whether the way they said something in a choral response is actually the right way to say it.

    There are a growing number of apps and services out there that can allow students to speak, check their pronunciation, and refine it, all without relying on teachers or native English speakers to guide them.

    1. Google Search

    Google’s Pronunciation Cards provide quick and easy feedback.

    The first place I tell my students to go to check their own pronunciation is the easiest, too: Google Search. Many teachers and students are unaware that if you simply type “Pronounce + WORD” into the search bar, Google will bring up a simple card with a breakdown of the word by syllable. Not only that, but it will play a simple animation showing a mouth and tongue, helping students see how they should be moving their muscles to achieve the desired sounds. There’s also an option to slow down the audio and video playback to make sure all the details are being caught.

    The best part, though, is hidden one click deeper. When students tap on the “Practice” button in the lower right corner, Google will let them talk, and then it will give basic feedback on the quality of the pronunciation. Mispronounced sections will be highlighted with tips on how to pronounce each missed sound. This allows students to spend as much time as they need working on each sound on their own.

    2. Google Docs Voice Typing

    Use Voice Typing in Google Docs to practice words, phrases, or entire monologues.

    Continuing with the same technology, Google Docs has a built-in dictation tool called Voice Typing. This technology is built for those who prefer or have need to talk rather than type, but I’ve found it’s a great way to get my students working on their pronunciation.

    Inside of Google Docs, simply click on “Tools> Voice Typing” and as long as there’s a microphone in the computer, students are good to go.

    Of course, to really get things going, you can build documents that help them work on specific sounds, similar sentences, and minimal pairs. Here’s a document that I’ve made which allows the teacher to put text in the blue cells of a table and encourages students to try to replicate the word through speaking in the purple boxes. Students simply look at the words or phrases in blue and then tap into the corresponding purple box. When they’re ready, They can click the voice typing microphone and give it a try.

    3. Forvo

    Forvo’s user-generated database of pronunciation lets people hear the real way people talk.

    Forvo is a pronunciation dictionary for the world. In Forvo, students can type in the word they are looking for, and then choose from a number of real-life pronunciations, including British English, American English, and “Other.” Regular people from around the world can submit their pronunciation, so there are options for students to hear a variety of accents, allowing them to broaden their listening and hopefully reduce accent bias.

    While Forvo doesn’t give students direct feedback like the other services mentioned here, I love the fact that there are real people submitting and sharing their unique accents. Another potential problem here is that Forvo still needs development and more people using and submitting to it. I found a number of words that only have an American pronunciation or only have a British pronunciation, so I’d love to see a deeper collection in the future.

    4. ELSA

    ELSA gives varying feedback depending on your chosen level.

    If you liked the Google Search options, think of ELSA like that program on steroids. This incredibly robust app isn’t free, but dang have they put some work into it. ELSA also uses AI to evaluate and give feedback on pronunciation, but it starts with asking the user to identify their native language and begins by focusing on pronunciation issues that are unique to that language group.

    But that’s only the beginning. From there, ELSA lets learners choose whether they are beginners, intermediate, or advanced, and then uses that to determine how critical to be. As learners go through words and phrases, it lets them see how well they’re doing at the “normal” pronunciation for the chosen level, and also allows for a challenge to see how they’re doing at a higher level. Here, learners might get an encouraging “Excellent!” for the individual skill they’re working on, and a “Let’s try again” if they push their challenge to expand to surrounding sounds.

    On top of all of this, ELSA is gamified, giving students the chance to build up to higher levels, face new challenges, and of course get those dopamine-inducing bings and confetti explosions.

    The biggest drawback to ELSA is its price. Like many apps, it runs on a subscription model, and currently starts at US$109 a year. However, with only a few clicks and running a few sample lessons, I quickly found that it was willing to offer discounts of up to 65%, immediately bringing it down to US$38, which is much more reasonable, but may still be out of many learners’ price range. As always, pricing structures on apps are prone to change, so make sure to encourage students to do some digging before committing.


    Technologies like these allow students to build on their skills from the privacy of their own home in ways that were never even imagined just a few short years ago. There are inevitable problems, and these programs certainly prioritize one accent over another, but students can learn and understand those issues as they grow.

    These apps and programs are only getting smarter and more accessible, and I expect more and more to show up in the future. As you find other useful services, please be sure to share them in the comments below—I’d love to hear from you and keep my eye on what’s coming around the bend!

    from TESOL Blog http://blog.tesol.org/4-promising-programs-to-practice-pronunciation-in-private/

    5 Ways to Support the Families of Multilingual Learners When School Opens

    As schools reopen around the United States, teachers and administrators need to consider how to how to support the families of multilingual learners (MLLs) with information for them in their home language. (I prefer to use the term families rather than parents because many MLLs are not in the United States with their parents. The term family can include both parents and extended family members and friends.)

    Many families do not share the cultural norms of the school community. They may not speak English, and some are not literate in their first language and can’t read documents that the school translates for them. School districts are making a real effort to engage families of MLLs in the education of their students. It must be remembered that engagement is not a one-way street. It is a two-way conversation where families are given input into the education of their children. This is not to say, however, that schools shouldn’t inform families about the routines and practices of the school. They need to be prepared to answer questions and concerns from families about their routines and procedures. We need to look at these procedures through the eyes of families and students who don’t understand them. The following routines and procedures should be communicated to families of MLLs in a language that they understand.

    1. Enrollment Procedures

    Enrollment procedures includes what papers parents need to bring to school when enrolling their children in school. These documents include proof of address, immunization records, and birth certificate. The purpose of the birth certificate is to determine the child’s actual age. If a birth certificate is not available, parents may show a hospital or doctor’s certificate, an affidavit from a parent, an adoption record, or an entry into a family bible. Many families are reluctant to provide birth certificates because they are afraid that it might lead to questions about their immigration status. Families of MLLs need to know that schools may not ask about immigration status and that they need not provide a social security number for their children to enroll in school.

    2. Understanding the School Schedule

    When MLLs are registered in schools, their families need to be informed from the beginning of the school year about what days school will be opened and what days there are scheduled closures. They also need to be told how to access information about emergency closings. The following routines can be communicated with translated written messages or by a phone call from someone who speaks the language of the family.

    • Scheduled dates when school will be closed for holidays or professional development for teachers
    • Scheduled early dismissals
    • Emergency late openings. In many schools these are weather related and not anticipated in advance. An example would be that in some districts across the United States, school openings are delayed because it is too cold to wait at a school bus stop in the early hours of the morning.
    • Emergency school closures due to weather-related reasons. I’ve heard so many accounts of students coming to school in snowstorms or in freezing weather because they didn’t know how to access information about school closures.

    3. Procedures for Absences and Late Arrivals

    Families need to know what the school’s procedures are if a student is late for school or if the student is going to be absent or is returning to school after an absence. Schools may want to provide a model letter that families need to send to the school for an excused absence.

    4. Transportation to and From School

    Families need to know what options are available for transportation to and from school. If busing is available, information about where the bus picks up students and at what time is crucial information that needs to be communicated to the families in their first language. I worked in a school district where parents usually dropped children off in the morning and picked them up in the afternoon. We had very complicated rules about how this was done. Families of MLLs were informed of these rules in a notice that was translated into their home language.

    5. Fire Drills, Evacuation, and Lockdown Procedures

    The families of MLLs should also know about fire, evacuation, and lockdowns drills commonly held in schools across the country. This should be communicated when the family is registering children for school because any drills are planned for the very first month of school. The noise from the fire alarm can be very frightening to new MLLs if they don’t know what a fire drill is. Consider how an alarm sounds to children who have come from war-torn areas of the world.

    A school building may also be evacuated if it becomes unsafe because of a gas leak, lack of electricity, flooding, or other natural disasters. Lockdown drills are held so that students can practice procedures designed to give them ways to protect themselves against a threat, such as an armed intruder.


    We can help the families of MLLs support their child’s transition to in-person learning this fall by not taking for granted that they know about some of the routines and procedures that can occur during the first weeks of school. Next month, I will continue to talk about how we can support families whose children are new to the U.S. school experience.

    from TESOL Blog http://blog.tesol.org/5-ways-to-support-the-families-of-multilingual-learners-when-school-opens/

    Fantasy Geopolitics: A Game of World News

    Hello and welcome to another edition of the TESOL Games and Learning blog. With the Olympics having recently concluded, I thought it would be great to share fantasy geopolitics this month! In this classroom game, students create a list of nations serving as their roster, then the students investigate the news each week to find stories about their countries to earn points. It is a fun game that gets students interested in world events! Let’s take a look.

    The idea stems from a popular hobby in the United States called fantasy football. In fantasy football, players select real American footballers to play for an imaginary team. Players of fantasy football score points based on how well the athletes they selected perform in real-life games, such as the touchdowns they scored or distance they ran the previous week. The fantasy football player with the most points at the end of the season wins. A clever classroom spin on this topic has students selecting nations instead of athletes.

    The key to success in fantasy geopolitics is the draft process. For the draft, have students, or teams of students, draw numbers to determine their place in line—the student who draws “1” goes first, the student who draws “2” goes second, and so on until the first round of the draft is over. However, for the second round of drafting the student who went last in round one now goes first:

    A snake draft ensures a more equitable drafting process.

    I recommend limiting rosters to five nations; it is enough to give students variety, but also not so many that students have too much news content to search for each week. Ensure that there are more nations in the pool of choices than students can select for their rosters. Then, at the end of each week, students can examine the nations on their roster and can drop nations—a maximum of two drops a week is a good amount—and select new ones from the pool of available nations. Players are also encouraged to trade with their classmates.

    To make the game more competitive, it is important to have rules around gameplay. Here are some examples of the rules that can be used:

    • A roster can only have two countries from the same continent, or each team must have a country from each continent.
    • News stories count for points only if the story occurred in the previous week. For example, if Week 1 of the game is the week of September 6th, students can only collect stories that were reported during the week of August 30th to September 5th.
    • Establish a set of acceptable news websites for students to search. This will help prevent students from running up their points by finding every story they can. News websites that could be used are NPRBBC World News, and Voice of America.
    • Points can be awarded based on the type of news. For example, positive stories, such as science news or Olympic coverage, could be worth 3 points, whereas negative news stories, such as those related to conflict or environmental pollution, could be worth 1 point.

    For a more detailed explainer on how to play, check out the fantasy politics lesson plan I wrote for American English. Educators looking for a more technology support to automate the game should visit FANgeopolitics, which has a freemium service model. Their website also has a great explainer video for those getting started.

    Until next time, play more games!

    from TESOL Blog http://blog.tesol.org/fantasy-geopolitics-a-game-of-world-news/